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In particular, it would combine the roles of hunter and killer, as these duties had previously been carried out by two separate helicopters. As per the earlier specification, this new helicopter was to excel at ASW. In 1957 Sikorsky was awarded a contract to produce an all-weather amphibious helicopter for the US Navy.
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The specification included a dipping sonar, mission endurance of four hours, and the ability to support a weapons load of 380 kg (840 lb). Sikorsky received a request from the US Navy to design a new turbine-powered helicopter capable of performing the ASW mission. During the late 1950s, the US Navy took advantage of advances in turboshaft engines by commissioning a sizable navalised helicopter.
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The US Navy countered this threat by the improvement and development of various anti-submarine warfare (ASW) capabilities, which resulted in the development of the Sea King. The major civil versions are the S-61L and S-61N.ĭuring the Cold War, the Soviet Navy built up a large and varied fleet of submarines which at one point was in excess of 200 operational submarines.
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The Sea King has been built under license by Agusta in Italy, Mitsubishi in Japan, and by Westland in the United Kingdom as the Westland Sea King. As of 2015, many examples of the type remain in service in nations around the world. The Sea King has also proved to be popular on the export market with foreign military customers, and has also been sold to civil operators as well.
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The Sea King also performed various other roles and missions such as search-and-rescue, transport, anti-shipping, medevac, plane guard, and airborne early warning operations. Navy HSS-2 Sea King was used to break the FAI 3 km, 100 km, 500 km, and 1000 km helicopter speed records. In late 1961 and early 1962, a modified U.S. Introduced to service in 1961, it was operated by the United States Navy as a key ASW and utility asset for several decades prior to being replaced by the non-amphibious Sikorsky SH-60 Seahawk in the 1990s. The Sea King was initially designated HSS-2, which was intended to imply a level of commonality to the earlier HSS-1 it was subsequently redesignated as the SH-3A during the early 1960s. Accordingly, the helicopter was specifically developed to deliver a capable ASW platform in particular, it combined the roles of hunter and killer, which had previously been carried out by two separate helicopters. The Sea King has its origins in efforts by the United States Navy to counter the growing threat of Soviet submarines during the 1950s. A landmark design, it was one of the first ASW rotorcraft to use turboshaft engines. The Sikorsky SH-3 Sea King (company designation S-61) is an American twin-engined anti-submarine warfare (ASW) helicopter designed and built by Sikorsky Aircraft. For other uses, see SH3 (disambiguation).Īnti-submarine warfare, search and rescue, and utility helicopter This model could potentially be used for several applications: 1) simulation of the flight dynamics of small-scale (articulated or hingeless) flybarless helicopters 2) investigation of the coupling between main rotor blade flap/lag dynamics and main rotor inflow dynamics as well as 3) providing a basis for model-based control design."SH-3" redirects here. Simulation results show that this nonlinear model is in good agreement with an equivalent FLIGHTLAB model, for both static (trim) and dynamic conditions. structural, aerodynamics, and dynamical simplifications. Additionally, the paper reviews all assumptions made in deriving the model, i.e. This model is further applicable for high bandwidth control specifications, and is valid for a range of flight conditions, including the Vortex-Ring-State (VRS) and autorotation. The model incorporates the main rotor, tail rotor, fuselage, and tails. In this paper, we present a helicopter flight dynamics nonlinear model for a flybarless, articulated, Pitch-Lag-Flap (P-L-F) main rotor with rigid blades, particularly suited for small-scale UAVs. However, none of the model-based published results are applicable for steep descent flight conditions, such as in the Vortex-Ring-State (VRS) or autorotation (i.e. For low to high control input bandwidth, demonstration (or simulation) of automatic helicopter flight has been reported in numerous publications. There has been considerable worldwide activity in research related to modeling and control of small-scale helicopter Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs).